Почему планировщик Linux имеет блокировки для очередей выполнения?

Судя по всему, диск мертв, умирает (или, возможно, был неисправен с самого начала). Форматирование устройства вместо раздела не должно иметь такой возможности, что и случалось со мной несколько раз, без какого-либо повреждения устройства (в отличие от данных ... :)

У меня есть аналогичный диск, внешний USB3 2 ТБ Seagate, выложу свой вывод smartctl для сравнения. На данный момент я бы попробовал запустить расширенное самотестирование (с помощью GUI GSmartControl или smartctl. Это займет время, для моей поездки около 6 часов, у вас должно быть примерно половину этого времени.)

root@fubuntu:~# smartctl -a /dev/sdc |tee sdc-smartctl-`ds`.log
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-36-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate Samsung SpinPoint M9T
Device Model:     ST2000LM003 HN-M201RAD
Serial Number:    S34RJ9FG538619
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0004cf 20fceabd1
Firmware Version: 2BC10008
User Capacity:    2 000 398 934 016 bytes [2,00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
Form Factor:      2.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Sat Sep 10 15:17:41 2016 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x80) Offline data collection activity
                    was never started.
                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                    without error or no self-test has ever 
                    been run.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection:        (24480) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:            (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                    Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                    Suspend Offline collection upon new
                    command.
                    Offline surface scan supported.
                    Self-test supported.
                    No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                    Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                    power-saving mode.
                    Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                    General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time:    (   1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:    ( 408) minutes.
SCT capabilities:          (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
                    SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                    SCT Feature Control supported.
                    SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   100   100   051    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  2 Throughput_Performance  0x0026   056   056   000    Old_age   Always       -       22251(vs.0)
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0023   088   087   025    Pre-fail  Always       -       3875
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       326(vs 11227!)
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   252   252   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   252   252   051    Old_age   Always       -       0
  8 Seek_Time_Performance   0x0024   252   252   015    Old_age   Offline      -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       414
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   252   252   051    Old_age   Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       87
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       31
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022   252   252   000    Old_age   Always       -       0 (aka unclean shutdown, yours 48 for just 247 total power cycles.
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0002   064   049   000    Old_age   Always       -       23 (Min/Max 15/51)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   252   252   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   252   252   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   252   252   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0036   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x002a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       6 (vs 1241)
223 Load_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       2 (vs 19)
225 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       3879 (vs 221164!)

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%       398         - Do the extended offline test.
# 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%       383         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Completed [00% left] (0-65535)
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

IMHOAFAIK, это hw и диск готов, я боюсь, но все же я бы проделал расширенную автономную самопроверку. Это случайно все еще находится на гарантии?